Citing Sources
Citation Manuals & Resources
There are varying ways to cite sources. Usually, a short form of the citation is included within the text of the paper (referred to as in-text or parenthetical citations) and then the full citation is given on the last page of the paper, sometimes referred to as a "Works Cited" page, a "References," list or a "Bibliography."
Also, there are different styles to citing sources. The following styles are commonly used:
- APA (American Psychological Association) Format is generally used to cite sources within the social sciences.
- MLA (Modern Language Association) Format is generally used to cite sources within the humanities and liberal arts.
| Guide to MLA Style
from Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL)
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Guide to APA Style
from Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL)
*Updated to 7th ed., Oct. 2019;
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| Guide to Chicago Style
from Chicago Manual of Style
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Guide to Turabian Style (9th Edition)
from University of Pittsburgh University Library System
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Print Citation Guides:
- MLA Handbook
Library Reference Z253 .M634 2021 - Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
Library Reference Z253 .P83 2020 - Turabian Style Manual: A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations
Library Reference Z253 .T8 2013 - The Chicago Manual of Style
Library Reference Z253 .U69 2017
Citation Guides Online:
- MLA Formatting and Style Guide
- From OWL Purdue University Online Writing Lab
- APA Style and Grammar Guide
From the American Psychological Association - Chicago Manual of Style Online
- Guide to Turabian Style
- "Citing Information: Introduction"
Self-paced instructional tutorials for various citation styles, as well as an introduction to citation. (From the Libraries of University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)